2. HEALTH CARE:
The national cancer institute is using nanotechnology to improve the way that we treat cancer .researches are also working on nano particles that can image or “show” cancerous cells in order for surgeons to be able to see them more precisely and thus remove all of the cancer
Nano shells are being developed that can deliver the cancer killing drugs directly to the cancerous site with out killing healthy cells.
In the below figure nano scale cantilevers is
Shown .the e shaped particle is beant contilever and the ‘y’shaped are anti bodies and the cancer cell is releasing proteins
Nanodevices:
Nanopores
Dendrimers
Nanotubes
Quantum dots
Nanoshells
These all devices are in a size of 10 to 102.
The cancer cell will be in a size of 104 to 105
Tiny bio-and chemical-sensors; nano particles that track and destroy cancer cells; artificial body parts and implimentable drug deliverysystems
Nano-Medicine
Nanocomputers are small enough that several hundred of them could fit inside the space of a biological cell. Medical nanites could patrol your body, and armed with knowledge of your DNA, repel any foriegn invaders by forming an artificial immune system. The common cold would no longer exist, nor would threats of any biological or viral infection. Biological warfare would then cease to be a threat, also.
These nanites, composed of smart materials, could take over from the plastic surgeons and people would be able to remake their bodies, even change their sex if that was what they wanted to do. There would be no pain, no bruises, and the results would be overnight. Additionally, imagine your body and bones woven with invisible diamond fabric. This body "reinforcement" could increase your tolerance to "G" forces, enable you to fall from a 10 story building and walk away, replace the oxygen in your blood in case of fire or chemical spill, and allow you to walk away from normally fatal accidents.
Life consists of molecular machines controlled by a program (DNA). Aging is a disease and is the real number one killer of humans. With the new genetic therapies it is hoped that the aging process can be reversed within the next 12 to 20 years. With medical nanites, we can not only extend our lives but stop completely the aging process.
Monday, February 11, 2008
Friday, February 8, 2008
APPLICATIONS OF NANO TECHNOLOGY:
1. Super computers in your palms:
Nano-Computing
The history of computer technology has involved a sequence of changes from gears to relays to valves to transistors to integrated circuits and so on. Today's techniques can fit logic gates and wires a fraction of a micron wide onto a silicon chip. Soon the parts will become smaller and smaller until they are made up of only a handful of atoms. At this point the laws of classical physics break down and the rules of quantum mechanics take over, so the new quantum technology must replace and/or supplement what we presently have. It will support an entirely new kind of computation with new algorithms based on quantum principles.
Presently our digital computers rely on bits, which, when charged, represent on, true, or 1. When not charged they become off, false, or 0. A register of 3 bits can represent at a given moment in time one of eight numbers (000,001,010... 111). In the quantum state, an atom (one bit) can be in two places at once according to the laws of quantum physics, so 3 atoms (quantum bits or qubits) can represent all eight numbers at any given time. So for x number of qubits, there can be 2x numbers stored. (I will not go into the logic of all this or this paper would turn into a book!). Parallel processing can take place on the 2x input numbers, performing the same task that a classical computer would have to repeat 2x times or use 2x processors working in parallel. In other words a quantum computer offers an enormous gain in the use of computational resources such as time and memory. This becomes mind boggling when you think of what 32 qubits can accomplish.
This all sounds like another purely technological process. Classical computers can do the same computations as quantum computers, only needing more time and more memory. The catch is that they need exponentially more time and memory to match the power of a quantum computer. An exponential increase is really fast, and available time and memory run out very quickly.
Quantum computers can be programed in a qualitatively new way using new algorithms. For example, we can construct new algorithms for solving problems, some of which can turn difficult mathematical problems, such as factorization, into easy ones. The difficulty of factorization of large numbers is the basis for the security of many common methods of encryption. RSA, the most popular public key cryptosystem used to protect electronic bank accounts gets its security from the difficulty of factoring very large numbers. This was one of the first potential uses for a quantum computer.
"Experimental and theoretical research in quantum computation is accelerating world-wide. New technologies for realising quantum computers are being proposed, and new types of quantum computation with various advantages over classical computation are continually being discovered and analysed and we believe some of them will bear technological fruit. From a fundamental standpoint, however, it does not matter how useful quantum computation turns out to be, nor does it matter whether we build the first quantum computer tomorrow, next year or centuries from now. The quantum theory of computation must in any case be an integral part of the world view of anyone who seeks a fundamental understanding of the quantum theory and the processing of information." ( Center for Quantum Computation)
In 1995 there was a $100 bet made to create the impossible within 16 years, the world's first nanometer supercomputer. This resulted in the NanoComputer Dream Team, and utilizes the internet to gather talent from every scientific field and from all over the world, amateur and professional. Their deadline: November 1, 2011. Watch for it! Are you ready for a computer that is billions of times faster than our present PC's?
Transistors being made at nano scale our computers will become lighter, smaller and will increase computing abilities
To enhance performance and produces new properties and applications
For many types of systems (mechanical, biological, chemical, optical) in addition to electronics.
1. Super computers in your palms:
Nano-Computing
The history of computer technology has involved a sequence of changes from gears to relays to valves to transistors to integrated circuits and so on. Today's techniques can fit logic gates and wires a fraction of a micron wide onto a silicon chip. Soon the parts will become smaller and smaller until they are made up of only a handful of atoms. At this point the laws of classical physics break down and the rules of quantum mechanics take over, so the new quantum technology must replace and/or supplement what we presently have. It will support an entirely new kind of computation with new algorithms based on quantum principles.
Presently our digital computers rely on bits, which, when charged, represent on, true, or 1. When not charged they become off, false, or 0. A register of 3 bits can represent at a given moment in time one of eight numbers (000,001,010... 111). In the quantum state, an atom (one bit) can be in two places at once according to the laws of quantum physics, so 3 atoms (quantum bits or qubits) can represent all eight numbers at any given time. So for x number of qubits, there can be 2x numbers stored. (I will not go into the logic of all this or this paper would turn into a book!). Parallel processing can take place on the 2x input numbers, performing the same task that a classical computer would have to repeat 2x times or use 2x processors working in parallel. In other words a quantum computer offers an enormous gain in the use of computational resources such as time and memory. This becomes mind boggling when you think of what 32 qubits can accomplish.
This all sounds like another purely technological process. Classical computers can do the same computations as quantum computers, only needing more time and more memory. The catch is that they need exponentially more time and memory to match the power of a quantum computer. An exponential increase is really fast, and available time and memory run out very quickly.
Quantum computers can be programed in a qualitatively new way using new algorithms. For example, we can construct new algorithms for solving problems, some of which can turn difficult mathematical problems, such as factorization, into easy ones. The difficulty of factorization of large numbers is the basis for the security of many common methods of encryption. RSA, the most popular public key cryptosystem used to protect electronic bank accounts gets its security from the difficulty of factoring very large numbers. This was one of the first potential uses for a quantum computer.
"Experimental and theoretical research in quantum computation is accelerating world-wide. New technologies for realising quantum computers are being proposed, and new types of quantum computation with various advantages over classical computation are continually being discovered and analysed and we believe some of them will bear technological fruit. From a fundamental standpoint, however, it does not matter how useful quantum computation turns out to be, nor does it matter whether we build the first quantum computer tomorrow, next year or centuries from now. The quantum theory of computation must in any case be an integral part of the world view of anyone who seeks a fundamental understanding of the quantum theory and the processing of information." ( Center for Quantum Computation)
In 1995 there was a $100 bet made to create the impossible within 16 years, the world's first nanometer supercomputer. This resulted in the NanoComputer Dream Team, and utilizes the internet to gather talent from every scientific field and from all over the world, amateur and professional. Their deadline: November 1, 2011. Watch for it! Are you ready for a computer that is billions of times faster than our present PC's?
Transistors being made at nano scale our computers will become lighter, smaller and will increase computing abilities
To enhance performance and produces new properties and applications
For many types of systems (mechanical, biological, chemical, optical) in addition to electronics.
Today’s world is evolving day by day for
Faster, lighter, portable, smaller, cheaper, more energy efficient & different properties at very small scale .The technology that will change the life style of man. The nano technology combines different sciences and technology. Knowing new properties all at very small dimensions
Latest applications like making of diamonds from raw materials using nano technology .we will be able to use them for jewelry and they will be used in manufacturing and cut materials
Personalized cosmetics like skin creams
Health and environment using Ecotru to keep the environment clean and using tox category iv for disinfection
Computers with a transistor of nanoscale and increased computing ability
Shipping: ultra-sensitive sensors for bio-terrorist agents.
Current medicine: sickness and hair loss caused by treatment, cancer discovered
When it is too late .In up coming years, nanotechnology may be able to help us to prevent and treat cancer better than we have been able to do before .
Medical nanobots: nano scale machines that could be released into the body parts of the body to do “miniature surgery” on DNA,organelles and cells.
Carbon nanotubes: learning of amazing properties .the structures are 100 times stronger than steel and lighter
Sports equipment: if carbon nanotubes are added to other materials to make composites for use in tennis rackets, bicycle handles bars and golf clubs. The equipment is becoming more durable and at the same the lighter due to nano technology
Space shuttle: for more efficient self –healing polymers
Space elevators: materials could be sent into space cheaply we could save on fuel
The color of gold changes as the particle size changes at nano scale.
Super computers in your palm, perhaps made from silicon nano wires, carbon nano tubes, or organic materials such as DNA
Very tiny motors, pumps, gyroscopes and accelerometers, helicopter the size of files or smaller.
Tiny bio and chemical-sensors, nano particles that track and implantable drug delivery systems.
Nano composite materials and embedded nano-particles for stain and wrinkle resistant clothes, for transparent zinc oxide sunscreen, and for photo ink that never fades
Some other are mite spinning on micro motor, ‘bug bot’ for traveling and taking photos in human digestive system, ant’s leg strength and motion measured on micro sensor for robot development, worlds smallest mobile robot ,with no wheels, gears or hinged joints, iron nano particles to clean poisons from water
Why is it called Nano?
Nano: It is derived of a Greek word for “dwarf” and means 10-9 or one billionth
In this case it refers to 10-9 meters on
1 nanometer (nm)
1 nano meter is about 3 atoms long
What is Nano Technology?
Nano technology: It is the Engineering of functional systems at the molecular scale. This covers both current work and concepts that are more advanced.
In its original sense,
“Nano technology “refers to the projected ability to construct items from the bottom up using techniques and tools being developed today to make complete, high performance products taking about building machines on the scale of molecules, a few nano meters wide motors,robort arms, and even whole computer for smaller than a cell these incredible devices and responding to accusations of science friction. mean while mundane technology was developing the ability to build simple structures on a molecular scale. As nano technology became an accepted concept, the meaning of the word shifted to encompass the simple kinds of nano meter-scale technology.
In 1stgeneration passive nano structures that are dispersed and contact nano structures they are aerosols, colloids & products incorporating nano structures rein forced composites;nano structured metals, polymers, ceramics
In 2nd generation are active nano structures
In 3rd generation are systems of nano systems
In 4 th generation are molecular nano system.
Faster, lighter, portable, smaller, cheaper, more energy efficient & different properties at very small scale .The technology that will change the life style of man. The nano technology combines different sciences and technology. Knowing new properties all at very small dimensions
Latest applications like making of diamonds from raw materials using nano technology .we will be able to use them for jewelry and they will be used in manufacturing and cut materials
Personalized cosmetics like skin creams
Health and environment using Ecotru to keep the environment clean and using tox category iv for disinfection
Computers with a transistor of nanoscale and increased computing ability
Shipping: ultra-sensitive sensors for bio-terrorist agents.
Current medicine: sickness and hair loss caused by treatment, cancer discovered
When it is too late .In up coming years, nanotechnology may be able to help us to prevent and treat cancer better than we have been able to do before .
Medical nanobots: nano scale machines that could be released into the body parts of the body to do “miniature surgery” on DNA,organelles and cells.
Carbon nanotubes: learning of amazing properties .the structures are 100 times stronger than steel and lighter
Sports equipment: if carbon nanotubes are added to other materials to make composites for use in tennis rackets, bicycle handles bars and golf clubs. The equipment is becoming more durable and at the same the lighter due to nano technology
Space shuttle: for more efficient self –healing polymers
Space elevators: materials could be sent into space cheaply we could save on fuel
The color of gold changes as the particle size changes at nano scale.
Super computers in your palm, perhaps made from silicon nano wires, carbon nano tubes, or organic materials such as DNA
Very tiny motors, pumps, gyroscopes and accelerometers, helicopter the size of files or smaller.
Tiny bio and chemical-sensors, nano particles that track and implantable drug delivery systems.
Nano composite materials and embedded nano-particles for stain and wrinkle resistant clothes, for transparent zinc oxide sunscreen, and for photo ink that never fades
Some other are mite spinning on micro motor, ‘bug bot’ for traveling and taking photos in human digestive system, ant’s leg strength and motion measured on micro sensor for robot development, worlds smallest mobile robot ,with no wheels, gears or hinged joints, iron nano particles to clean poisons from water
Why is it called Nano?
Nano: It is derived of a Greek word for “dwarf” and means 10-9 or one billionth
In this case it refers to 10-9 meters on
1 nanometer (nm)
1 nano meter is about 3 atoms long
What is Nano Technology?
Nano technology: It is the Engineering of functional systems at the molecular scale. This covers both current work and concepts that are more advanced.
In its original sense,
“Nano technology “refers to the projected ability to construct items from the bottom up using techniques and tools being developed today to make complete, high performance products taking about building machines on the scale of molecules, a few nano meters wide motors,robort arms, and even whole computer for smaller than a cell these incredible devices and responding to accusations of science friction. mean while mundane technology was developing the ability to build simple structures on a molecular scale. As nano technology became an accepted concept, the meaning of the word shifted to encompass the simple kinds of nano meter-scale technology.
In 1stgeneration passive nano structures that are dispersed and contact nano structures they are aerosols, colloids & products incorporating nano structures rein forced composites;nano structured metals, polymers, ceramics
In 2nd generation are active nano structures
In 3rd generation are systems of nano systems
In 4 th generation are molecular nano system.
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